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| 锌浸出渣中银的浮选回收综述 |
| A review on flotation recovery silver in zinc leaching residues |
| Received:November 14, 2021 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 有色金属冶金 锌冶金 浮选 预处理 银精矿 |
| 英文关键词: non-ferrous metallurgy zinc metallurgy flotation pretreatment silver concentrates |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 锌浸出渣是湿法炼锌过程中产生的固体废弃物，其含有的银具有巨大的经济价值，浮选回收银是重要的途径。锌浸出渣中浮选回收银，面临着含银矿物种类多而分散、矿物粒度细、酸性强及难免离子含量高等综合叠加影响。部分锌浸出渣可采用直接浮选法回收银，但对银赋存状态异常复杂的锌浸出渣，直接浮选往往难以实现银的高效选别回收，多采用进行一定的预处理后再浮选的间接浮选法。常用的预处理技术主要有浆洗、磨矿、外加载体、焙烧及热酸浸出等，预处理可针对性的调控矿浆环境、改变矿物的赋存状态及矿物表面性质，以提高选择性和捕收能力。各种预处理都有其独特的优缺点，合适的预处理技术结合湿法炼锌工艺或预处理技术的有机联合应用，对浮选回收锌浸出渣中的银将更为有效。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Zinc leaching residues are solid wastes produced in the process of zinc hydrometallurgy, but they contained valuable silver and the flotation method is an important way to recover silver. The flotation recovery of silver in zinc leaching residues is faced with the combined effects of various and dispersed silver-containing minerals, fine mineral particle size, strong acidity, high unavoidable ions content. Some zinc leaching residues can be recovered by the direct flotation method, but for zinc leaching residues with extremely complex silver occurrence state, it is often difficult to achieve high-efficiency separation and recovery of silver by the direct method, while the indirect flotation method is mostly used after certain pretreatment. The commonly used pretreatment technologies mainly include slurry washing, grinding, external-carrier, roasting and hot acid leaching. Pretreatments can adjust and control the pulp properties, change the occurrence state of silver and surface properties of minerals to improve selectivity and collection capacity. Each pretreatment has its unique advantages and disadvantages. An appropriate pretreatment technology combined with zinc hydrometallurgy process or organic combined the application of pretreatment technology will be more effective for flotation recovery silver in zinc leaching residues. |
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